Applications of AI and Machine Learning: Analytical Essay

Abstract: Long days ago there was all kind of the work that was only done by the humans. There were no machines and technologies that were used in that century. On that time science were not found and technologies were not developed. So that working was totally done by the human beings and they recognized that “Today’s science is the tomorrows technologies “. Now new superiorly advanced technologies were developed and are not less than gods blessings. Many machines and other inventions has been made only to reduce the work of the humans and for the bright future which is called artificial intelligence and machine learning. Even though there are many advantages and false assumptions we are witnessing a new era of errorless technologies. This review is all about artificial intelligence and machine learning.

1. Introduction

As the humans population has been increasing and technologies has been in have proved their importance in the globe, it is important that each and every persons should understand what artificial intelligence and machine learning is going to mean for the human race .A nice poem lines by W H. Auden, Those who will not reason Perish in the act; Those who will not act Perish for that reason. These lines explain the relationship between human life and robotics. The poem explains that “Fittest survival” i.e. only those humans/machines will survive who prove their existence by their best performance, high intelligence and maximum capacity. Hence it’s high time and precipice of one of the most magnificent discoveries of supremacy since man learnt to create tools and fire. There is a road and that once we walk ahead; there will be no turning back like that once we achieve machine superintelligence which will be self learning, completely automatic and self-improving. As we see any sci-fi movie like iron man, star wars, etc. Which vary in completely equipped super hero’s to the world destroying super robots. Even if anyone has seen missile or space shuttle launching, automatically driven cars, or simple robots which help in household chores to hard power full muscle works, which are very great examples of human intelligence. There is No doubt that artificial intelligence and machine learning are the two hottest and most important buzzword all over the world right now, and often seem to be used.

2. Related Works

The author George F Ludger, described structures and strategies for artificial intelligence. This review also contains methodologies of artificial intelligence such as weak and strong artificial intelligence. It also considers the current real world applications and current processes in artificial intelligence.

3. Artificial Intelligence

According to father of artificial intelligence John McCarthy, who coined the term “Artificial intelligence” in 1956, he said that “It is the combination of science and engineering to make intelligent devices for human welfare.” “Artificial intelligence is an intellect that is much smarter than the best human brain in practically every field, including computer science and linguistic logic.”It is a modern method of machines. It will do muscle work and illustrate complex questions in a “intellectual” manner. It is concerned with the basic and most important aspects in our life i.e.

Philosophy, computer science, mathematics, linguistics, biology, neuron science, sociology etc. Artificial intelligence plays a very important role to exhibit intelligent behavior, to learn, demonstrate and give advice to the user. It is classified into basically two types they are, weak AI and strong AI.

Strong AI

• WEAK AI: The principle of Weak AI is that the machines behave as if they are intelligent. It proves that virtual abilities like thinking, talking, moving can be done by machine if they are programmed in that manner it performs an important role. E.g. the computer can play and move players automatically, in the chess game in this area The computer does not have any thinking ability but in actual it is programmed so that the computer always takes right step.
• STRONG AI: The principle of Strong AI is that the machines will do calculations and think it and will predict the answer in the future. Example the artificial Intellectual supercomputer “WATSON” invented by IBM. Thus in future, there will be definitely such machines or maybe humanoids which will do its own work and it will more powerful than humans.

4 Machine Learning

It is a current application of AI which promotes reality. It is just to be able to give machines access to data for more ease in human work and just to learn them for themselves. In artificial intelligence

Learning is a key hallmark. It is an ability of the machines to take real–time data and feedback and improves performance over a time. Machine learning is type of artificial intelligence which has ability to learn and takes the data to get good output. Artificial intelligence and machine learning are combined together very frequently when the concepts like big data, data science and analysis comes in mind. Handle such a big data in multinational industries machine learning is very efficient solution. They actually work like a super-computer. These machines or generally known as “Humanoids” are very perfect at their work. These robots/machines can talk, answer a complex question, and it can done multiple jobs at a time.

There are the following types of learning:

1. Supervised learning
2. Unsupervised/predictive learning
3. Reinforcement learning

1. Supervised Learning

In this process, if the researchers tell the machine what the correct answer is for a particular input. It is most common technique for training neutral networks and other machine learning architectures. It involves learning a mapping from a set of inputs to a target variable. The target is discrete and real Value. It is solved by decision tress, naive tress, boosting and multi-layer neutral networks

2. Unsupervisedpredictive learning

In this method, no labels are given to learning algorithm, leaving it on its own to find structure in its input. It can be a goal in itself that is hidden pattern and data. Researchers don‟t know how to do at this moment, research is still going on. No target variables are provided. It is solved by grouping into K groups.

3. Reinforcement learning:

In this algorithm, The AI „agent‟[8] decides how to behave in order to get most of the work is done. A computer program interacts with a dynamic environment in which it must perform a certain task to win against an opponent. The program gives feedback in terms of punishment or reward. The machine itself selects actions to be performed for better output.

V. Applications of AI and machine learning

As in the developing world AI is also very important in our life. There are also many day to day examples for

AI. There is siri by Apple, Google now by Google, Watson by IBM and cortana by Windows mobile for various operating systems which are intelligent digital personal assistance [9] which have speech and gesture recognition systems which helps the user to find and sort out all the needed things without any physical appearance.

It will help us by giving many information like near by colleges/schools/restaurants/Bus stations? Also gives personal informations like your friends birthday dates,reminds alarms, etc.. Many future and the current researches are going on for developing the technologies by the scientists and humanoids i.e. robotics along with human behaviour and feelings. There are also high-performance cars along with the driver assistance, missiles with radar, satellites and navigation systems.

Conclusion

Nowadays the world is fully dependent on technologies and it is on the way of digitization. Thus the purpose of the artificial intelligence and machine learning concepts plays an important role in everybody’s life . Our review paper is fully based on how the technologies and machine learning concepts are used in our day to day life. Today machine gives the education that the people needed and they are responsible for the purpose of intelligence. In future, we don’t think and imagine about the growth and progress of the technologies that are used in our day to day life. We can’t even imagine what will happen in our surroundings because of these engineers and scientists. Scientists have discovered robotics which do all kind of the work that the humans are doing and research is going on to create well-developed world. Youth generations support plays a vital role for the development of new technologies.