Artificial Intelligence: Applications, Current and Future Development

Abstract:

Technology has been connected with machines in past few years, although the era of artificial intelligence has been started since 1950’s, the main goal of this technology is to provide the machines and systems which can act and think like humans. For developing the smart systems machines needs to be trained and they needs to be quick. There are two categories of strong and weak AI, which are used in many applications of daily routine. There are also advantages and disadvantages of the technology. Currently, there is research going on in artificial intelligence to provide the better solution for the future.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence is the field of computer science that can make intelligent machines as well as intelligent program which can work and respond like humans. Artificial intelligence makes the computer thinks, act and behave like the humans.

Basically, AI is a full study of how human’s thinks, how humans behave, how humans learn, how they behave and how they work in the critical situation, and using the AI mechanism it provide the best solution to humans and developing the intelligent systems as well as the software’s (tutorialspoint, n.d.). AI has the capability to execute the tasks same as a human does.

There are basically two types of AI systems, one is weak AI and another one the Strong AI. On the other hand weak AI is known as the narrow AI. The strong AI is the AI in which, they are treated to work as the human brain and the computer program works exactly on the basis of the human intelligence (Difference.wiki, n.d.). In weak AI, the machines are not too much intelligent but they are built in such a way to look like intelligent AI. There are tasks which has to be entered in the weak AI to perform, the best example of the weak AI is Apple Siri, automatic car or a remote control device (Difference.wiki, n.d.). While in the strong AI, Algorithm is stored by the computer program which needs to be perform and they do not need any external help to execute the task. The main goal of this technology is to provide the machines which are not dependent on the humans.

Fig 1: Artificial Intelligence

History of AI: The roots of artificial intelligent was planted in the year of 1950’s. In early 50’s the engineers made up an algorithm for solving mechanical problems. Later on in 1960’s, the scientists made up an algorithms to solve mechanical problem as well as the geometric theorems (Ray, n.d.). Then after there was an era of machine learning and the first humanoid robot was made up in japan in the year of 1971 which was the first intelligent robot. As people were so curious about the AI, and researchers were so busy for developing the intelligent machines government announced those years as “AI Winters”, and “AI Summers” includes the years 1970-1990. AI summer was from those years where developers started to solve the algebraic problem programmatically it put the foundation of the natural programing language (Bratu, 2018). AI summer was also known as the birth of AI hardware’s. AI winter was from those years when the computers cannot hold the more complex problems, because it requires more computational power to perform those problems (Bratu, 2018). The lisp language was inverted in the years of 1950’s. It was the most successful computer of that era. Neural AI has become popular in computer science in the year of 80’s. The approach was bottom up approach.

Fig 2: History of Artificial Intelligence.

Goal of AI: There are many algorithms available to solve the complex problems. The main goal of AI is to solve the complex things and allow computers to think like humans. There are many games like tile game, puzzles in which the user can select the position via using the searching methods. Brute force and depth first search are comes under the searching algorithm of basic AI. There are also fuzzy logic systems developed for solving many problems. The ultimate goal of artificial intelligent is to provide better and most promising solutions for the humans via using machines.

Applications of AI: There are many existed applications which can work really well, if we add some mechanism into them to think and act like a human beings. It can save lots of man power and the results of that applications provides and enhance a new features of applications.

AI in Computer Science: lots of difficult problems of computer science have been solved using the AI systems. All the new applications like GUI, time sharing, automatic storage management are the part of the AI applications. There are many complex problems which has been solved using machine learning algorithms with artificial intelligence.

Self-driving cars: The new era is here, there are cars over there in the world, which are guided and run on the road through Artificial intelligent. Tesla was one of the first automobile industry which has launched the auto drive car, many more companies are developing the same concept with the use of artificial intelligence (adex, n.d.).

Intelligent Photograph tracking: Many of the companies are offering the photography feature in which a person can identify the age and gender of the individual just by turning on the camera on them. Moreover Facebook is using AI to save people from committing suicide (adex, n.d.). Many e-commerce sites are also providing the facility to search a visual image and provides many buying option for an item.

Smart investment: it has been shown that many stat up companies took the help of AI and made up so much profit in last few years, they are making million dollars by training their data and products to think and act like humans. Also AI helps us to prevent the future damage by providing present solutions to that damage (adex, n.d.). Companies are also using the brand analysis for advice. The NLP used to provide the sentiment results for products, whether the customer liked or dislike their products (hackerearth, n.d.).

Smart Doctors: With the help of deep learning the doctor can diagnosis cancer and it can cure on the start stage. Some of the reassert has been already going on to identify the cancer using the deep learning algorithms in image processing (adex, n.d.). There are many medicines already developed which can detect the diabetes and also gives the suggestions of hospitalization (hackerearth, n.d.). There are many apps which can use the inbuilt camera and machine learning applications to detect the diseases (hackerearth, n.d.).

Entertainment: AI also helps in the entertainment by analyzing user activity of their search on Netflix, IMDb or on Amazon Prime and it will also suggest and recommend the activities to other users also. The algorithms are also become strong for any other individual’s preference of watching the movie or a show (hackerearth, n.d.).

Fig 3: Applications of Artificial Intelligence.

AI for other planets: NASA is already starts using to take a life on other planets, by taking the help of AI the machine is able to understand the environment of Mars and those details can be used to retrieve the properties for human being to live there (adex, n.d.).

AI for word processing: It is very useful tool known as the language processing, which is use for natural text, spelling and grammar checking. It is a very complex mechanism which includes the rules and instruction for analyzing the sentence or a block of a text (Herget, 2017). It is also eligible for speech processing, the best examples of word and speech processing are Apple’s Siri, Google’s Alexa or Google Assistant (Herget, 2017).

Current Status of AI: Since from the beginning of Artificial intelligence, there has been many achievements taken over the use of artificial intelligence with machine learning. Deep learning is the fundament part for machine learning and machine learning is the fundamental part of artificial intelligence. From last decade it has been growing continuously. Last year the humanoid robot get the civilization in Saudi Arabia. Many of the directors announced that they are starring the actual robot in their movie. Google’s search engine, NLP, machine learning, language translator, face recognition, medical field and robots are become part of human’s usual life (Bratu, 2018).

Today, artificial intelligence looks like a solution to every problem (Cardoza, 2016). Today, artificial intelligent has become the huge marketing field for the developers and many companies are making profit via launching their product with the facility of inbuilt intelligence (Cardoza, 2016). As the part of the success, many developers are providing inbuilt open source code for download and any one can train their data and use their data for image recognition, Natural language processing, speech processing and visual processing (Cardoza, 2016).

Currently the data has become more powerful, it is not just only process the data but also identify the behavior of the customers and it adds the intelligent in any machine or program. In last decade the Artificial intelligent technology grows so fast and the current market of AI reaches up to 8$ billion dollars in 2017. It is possible because of big data and the advance computers which can process so quickly and gives the results using machine learning (Schultebraucks, 2018). Recently there has been work going on to develop the smart games with using AI and machine learning, few of the games are including Atari games and starcraft2 which is bit more difficult game than the typical video games (Schultebraucks, 2018). AlphaGo is one of the classic Atari AI games, published by Deep mind.

Recently Facebook launched the open sourced AI hardware named as Big Sur, which can handle the computation of artificial intelligent on a very large scale. Along with that it also provides the DeepMask and Deep text with segmentation framework (Cardoza, 2016).

Google has also launched their tensorflow library which is useful for machine learning. Many of the machine learning algorithms are trained using the library and it has the facility of a scientific programing packages along with complex services that helps any developer to make the AI based applications (Cardoza, 2016). IBM Watson is also a system that can capable to answer the questions of natural language processing.

Microsoft is also providing the platform for developers to build iOS, Android and windows apps with the API’s to learn, speech and recognize the objects.

Challenges of AI: As the technology is growing from many years but there are also some challenges there in AI, which needs to be short out on early basis to provide the better solutions. The humans developed AI systems, they make the system to act, think and speak like them. In some of the cases the human themselves are become threat now a days (tutorialspoint, n.d.).

The AI system which can understand the natural language processing is also able to read the private conversation via email and they are also able to speak the conversation too (tutorialspoint, n.d.). The technology is in use form a long time but, there is no generalize method or technique to learn the AI technology.

Data Privacy in AI: Most of the AI systems and applications are having huge amount of data which needs to be train to provide intelligent. This may cause the issues like data theft and violation of privacy (Mehta, 2018). The developers need to be more careful so that they cannot compromise user’s identity.

Bias Algorithms: If the algorithm isn’t trained correctly it will not producing any promising result for given set of data. For an example an algorithm which is detecting the object or faces can be miss recognize the object or a person which could lead to a misunderstanding (Mehta, 2018).

Future of Artificial Intelligent: At present there is a huge demand of the technology, the future of artificial intelligent needs to be so strong I machine learning as well as in deep learning. May be sometime in the future algorithm identify the challenges and risks before they can occur.

Fig 4: Future of Artificial Intelligence.

As we have discussed any automobile companies are working on driverless vehicles so, there will be a time when there is no driver for driving a car or no pilot for controlling a plane (Ayers, 2016).

There might be a systems which can boos up our brain and body in such a way that a human can augment their self with computer and can able to communicate with robot.

As we told that the artificial intelligent is using machine learning, so for doing any critical job or an operation in a medical field the AI will first check and simulate each and every possible solution and then finds out the best solution for humans. They might be used for defusing a bomb. Sooner the AI technology will become routine for everyone’s life.

Pros and Cons of using AI:

Along with the technology there are also some advantages and disadvantages of using Artificial intelligence.

Pros of Artificial intelligence: The main advantage of using artificial intelligence is, the systems are faster and quick to make the decisions. They can also avoid the human errors and provide the best solution via simulation and searching each and every possible way (Arrk Group, 2018). It can also take the risks on behalf of humans and it could lead to benefits in the area of medical diagnostics, bomb defuse, danger forecasting etc. Artificial intelligent is also used in so many daily applications, GPS, smartphones, various assistances are the daily applications of artificial intelligence. It can also help to detect the fraud in banking and smart card based systems (Reddy, 2018). As like human’s intelligent machines never takes break, the systems and machines with AI can work 24*7.

Cons of Artificial intelligence: The maintenance of the artificial machines and the AI systems are expensive and their damage repair require huge amount. The programs are not able to get experts with an experience like humans so, the programs which are trained for the old data needs to be updated so that they can give the accrue results (Reddy, 2018). As the robots and machine with intelligent does all the tasks there is a chance of huge unemployment for humans, humans are also become lazy and lose their powers. Some programs are trained to do the specific task, they are unable to do the task in which they are not trained and they are restricted via work only.

Conclusion: As we have seen, there is a huge market and demand of artificial intelligence nowadays, there are many dangerous and intelligent task can be perform using the super-intelligent computers which can give best solution within seconds. There are many smart technology using the artificial intelligence. There is also chance of losing the job for humans, in many was the artificial intelligent with machine learning and deep learning will bring new era of technology and provide some better solutions for future.

References

1. (n.d.). Retrieved from Difference.wiki: https://www.difference.wiki/strong-ai-vs-weak-ai/
2. (n.d.). Retrieved from adex: https://blog.adext.com/en/applications-of-artificial-intelligence
3. (n.d.). Retrieved from hackerearth: https://www.hackerearth.com/blog/innovation-management/applications-of-artificial-intelligence/
4. (2018). Retrieved from Arrk Group: https://www.arrkgroup.com/thought-leadership/artificial-intelligence-the-advantages-and-disadvantages/
5. Ayers, R. (2016). The future of Artificial Intelligence: 6 ways it will impact everyday life. Retrieved from bigdata-madesimple : https://bigdata-madesimple.com/the-future-of-artificial-intelligence-6-ways-it-will-impact-everyday-life/
6. Bratu, E. (2018). A Short History of Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved from qualitance: https://www.qualitance.com/blog/short-history-artificial-intelligence/
7. Cardoza, C. (2016). What is the current state of AI? Retrieved from SD Times: https://sdtimes.com/ai/current-state-ai/
8. Herget, s. (2017, october). What is AI? History, definitions and applications. Retrieved from androidpit: https://www.androidpit.com/what-is-artificial-intelligence-history-definitions-and-applications
9. Mehta, P. (2018, August). Artificial Intelligence: Key challenges and opportunities. Retrieved from Forbes: http://www.forbesindia.com/blog/technology/artificial-intelligence-key-challenges-and-opportunities/
10. Ray, S. (n.d.). History of AI. Retrieved from https://towardsdatascience.com/history-of-ai-484a86fc16ef
11. Reddy, K. (2018). Retrieved from https://content.wisestep.com/advantages-disadvantages-artificial-intelligence/
12. Schultebraucks, L. (2018). Retrieved from https://dev.to/lschultebraucks/a-short-history-of-artificial-intelligence-7hm
13. tutorialspoint. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.tutorialspoint.com/artificial_intelligence/artificial_intelligence_overview.htm
14. tutorialspoint. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.tutorialspoint.com/artificial_intelligence/artificial_intelligence_issues.html