Endangered Species Around The World And Throughout The Seychelles

Introduction

The following review of the literature confirms that global biodiversity is a thread by human actives. Read to get the basic knowledge related to endangered species globally and within the Seychelles where they are increasingly being hunted by mankind. It is best to know what type of animal that is most endangered and know that there might be new engendered species introduced in the upcoming future years. This paper identifies the various ways that species are being threatened into extinction worldwide and locally in Seychelles. By gaining this information the reader may have ideas that can benefit the environment.

Endangered species around the world and throughout Seychelles

An endangered species is certainly one that may be in danger of being extinct or likelihood of no longer present. Dinosaurs would be the largest numbers of species that turned out extinct. Other animals that were wiped out are dodo birds, mammoths and sabre-toothed cat. Schultz found that the Endangerment of animals is happening at an alarming rate as a result of environmental changes, the destruction of habitats, the lack of food source, and getting hunted. The authors found that a number of these causes are preventable if more and many people had been well-informed regarding the risks of their routines. Sadly, numerous areas that were once homes to many wildlife animals, happen to be transformed into an area in which people now possibly living or spend their time, for instance, a subdivision or shopping center. Other wildlife animals are increasingly being hunted by people that are looking for cash, not thinking about the long term negative effects of their activities. The good news is when numerous laws and regulations are imposed to help stop total extinction of several species (such as ESA Endangered species act). Just like any law, you can find people like men and women, referred to as poachers, who disregard these laws and continue to destroy animals for their fur or meat (Schultz, 2019). The next two paragraphs will define and give an example of some species which can be endangered of become extinct.

The most endangered species globally

Northern Right Whale which is being Hunted to near extinction, 450 right whales still swim the Atlantic, The Vaquita is The world’s smallest and rarest marine mammal, Amur Leopard is The world’s rarest cat there are Only 40 left in Russia’s the Far East, Javan Rhinoceros there are less than 60 of these swamp-dwelling Asian rhinos exist, Northern Sportive Lemur is the scarcest of Madagascar’s fast-dwindling lemur species, Western Lowland Gorilla the disease and illegal hunting are wiping out this gentle giant, The Saola—An Asian Unicorn they are so rare that it is almost mythological, the forest is full of poachers’ snares, Leatherback Sea Turtle is the world’s largest turtle and the population is dropping at an alarming rate, The Tiger is the world’s biggest cat, Chinese Giant Salamander Humans are eating the world’s largest amphibian into extinction (allaboutwildlife.com, n.d.)

Example of Seychelles endangered species

Teleosts are commonly known as Napoleon or Humphead Wrasse also usually found on coral reefs, Rays such as Ornate eagle ray, Sharks that gets fished out by fisherman are called the scalloped hammerhead and Great hammerhead shark, (Threatened species identification, field survey technique and data gathering protocol workshop, 2017). There is the well-known Green turtles Chelonia mydas (EN) nest in larger numbers than elsewhere in the granitic islands and hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata (CR) also breed; numbers of both are monitored (Rocamora & Skerrett, 2001). Compared to Australia and Mexico, the Seychelles archipelago hosts one of the largest remaining population’s worldwide (Meylan & Donnelly 1999) and the largest population in the Indian Ocean (Mortimer 1984). Regrettably, even though they have been legally protected since 1994, Seychelles hawksbill turtles are vulnerable to disturbance and poaching since they typically nest during the day (Mortimer & Collie 1998). Long-term monitoring has focused primarily on flipper tagging at well-protected sites in the inner islands (Diamond 1976; Mortimer et al. 1994; Allen et al. 2010), the protected Aldabra Atoll in the outer islands (Frazier 1971; Mortimer 1984, 2004) and more recently on D’Arros Island in the Amirantes Group (Mortimer et al. 2011). The Seychelles magpie robin Copsychus saularis (L.) It really is probably the most critically endangered out of the 12 bird species endemic to the Seychelles archipelago found in the Indian Ocean, also they are the rarest birds in the world (Norris, K., & Mcculloch, N., 2003).

There are several ways that species are being wiped out globally

Some ecosystems and types of spices encounter far more severe extinction challenges compared to others. There are about three-quarters of coral reefs are in danger, they live in a harsh condition of matters considering the fact that reefs play an outsized role for biodiversity, providing essential habitats for a significant percentage of marine life regardless of covering up just a small portion of the oceans (Burke, 2011, p. 3). Likewise, the author stated that there are standard likelihood of extinction for birds, mammals, and amphibians will continue to improve, regardless of widespread gains in protected regions (PAs) and increasing recognition of the importance of biodiversity around the world (Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity & United Nations Environment Programme, 2014, p. 14). According to the authors, Grace Beischel & Katie Conley stated that there are currently 41,415 critically endangered and vulnerable species in the world and 16,306 of those species are on the brink of extinction (Grace Beischel & Katie Conley, 2017). The extinction rate for amphibians may be between 25,039 and 45,474 times the background extinction rate (McCallum, 2007). “The decline of earth’s biodiversity is an unintended consequence of multiple factors that have been enhanced by human activity. They can be summarized by the acronym (HIPPO), with the order of the letters corresponding to their rank in destructiveness” (Manuel, 2018). Endangered by environmental degradation, the unsustainable source of exploitation, pollution, (such as toxins and contamination, invasive species, and climate change (global warming), the diversity of lifestyle on this planet will likely continue to diminish noticeably over the coming years.

Preparing for tomorrow, Today

Base from the above literature review shows that there is much change and allows the viewers to take responsibility for their action. Like the above mention animals, this is also happening to plants because the land and ocean this is continuously being destroyed by Global warm and other factors. This generation hopes that the environment and the numerous engendered species recover and repopulate after this serious issue has occurred, so it’s better to help promote and save countless species.

References

1. ALLEN, Z.C., N.J. SHAH, A. GRANT, G-D. DERAND & D. BELL. 2010. Hawksbill turtle monitoring in Cousin Island Special Reserve, Seychelles: an eight-fold increase in annual nesting numbers. Endangered Species Research 11: 195-200. allaboutwildlife.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.allaboutwildlife.com: http://www.allaboutwildlife.com/ten-most-endangered-animals
2. Burke, L. (2011). Reefs at risk revisited. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
3. Collar, N.J. & Stuart, S.N. (1985) Threatened Birds of Africa and Related Islands: The ICBP/IUCN Red Data Book. International Council for Bird Preservation and the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Cambridge, UK.
4. DIAMOND, A.W. 1976. Breeding biology and conservation of hawksbill turtles, Eretmochelysimbricata L., on Cousin Island, Seychelles. Biological Conservation 9: 199-215.
5. FRAZIER, J. 1971. Observations on sea turtles at Aldabra Atoll. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 260: 373-410.
6. Grace Beischel & Katie Conley. (2017, January 11). amhsnewspaper.com. Retrieved from www.amhsnewspaper.com: https://amhsnewspaper.com/12060/news/endangered-animals-locally-and-globally/
7. MORTIMER, J.A. 1984. Marine Turtles in the Republic of Seychelles: Status and Management: Report on Project 1809 (1981-1984), IUCN.
8. MORTIMER, J.A. & R. BRESSON. 1994. The hawksbill nesting population at Cousin Island, Republic of Seychelles: 1971-72 to 1991-92. Schroeder B.A. & B.E. Witherington (Comps.) Proceedings of the 13th Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology & Conservation. NOAA Tech Memo NMFS-SEFSC-341. pp. 115-116.
9. MORTIMER, J.A. & J. COLLIE. 1998. Status and conservation of sea turtles in the Republic of Seychelles. Epperly, S.E. & J.Braun (Comps.). Proceedings of the 17th Annual Sea Turtle Symposium. NOAA Tech Memo NMFS-SEFSC-415. pp. 74-76
10. MEYLAN, A.B. & M. DONNELLY. 1999. Status justification for listing the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) as Critically Endangered on the 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. Chelonian Conservation & Biology 3: 200-224.
11. MORTIMER, J.A., J. COLLIE & N. BONIFACE. 2011. Seasonality and status of nesting hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) at D’Arros Island, Amirantes Group, Seychelles. Chelonian Conservation & Biology 10: 26-33.
12. Manuel, E. (2018, September 25). docslides.com. Retrieved from www.docslides.com: https://www.docslides.com/ellena-manuel/biodiversity-what-is-biodiversity
13. Norris, K., & Mcculloch, N. (2003). Demographic models and the management of endangered species: a case study of the critically endangered Seychelles magpie robin. Journal of Applied Ecology, 40(5), 890-899.
14. Rocamora, G. É. R. A. R. D., & Skerrett, A. D. R. I. A. N. (2001). Seychelles. IBAs in Africa and associated islands, 751-768.
15. Schultz, A. M. (2019, March 9). Zoology. Children’s Information on Endangered Animals.
16. (2017, December 7). Threatened species identification, field survey technique and data gathering protocol workshop. (M. Leotta, Interviewer)
17. Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy. (2019). epi.envirocenter.yale.edu. Retrieved from https://epi.envirocenter.yale.edu/2018-epi-report/biodiversity-habitat