History And Importance Of Tourism And Hospitality Industry

Introduction

Nowadays, the hospitality and tourism industry become one of the largest service industries in the world. This is because it contributes more than 10% in global economic output along with one of ten job. Hotels, restaurants, cafeterias, lounges, coffee shops, bistros, fast food outlets are included in hospitality industry. The tourism industry composes of transportation services, accommodation service, food and beverage service, entertainment and so on. The hospitality industry and tourism industry are on the same roof that means most of the service are the same but a little different in their operations. We can even call the hospitality industry and tourism industry as the twin industry. The aim of this assignment has been offering the knowledge on the global management of the hospitality and tourism industry in general and practical study of the Triumph hotel and the Dolphin trip which we took with our school are also described in this assignment. This industry can benefit to all the local business directly or indirectly. In this assignment, the history, features, characteristics and the basic concept of the hospitality and tourism industry are mentioned with the examples. This will also provide with a perspective of hotel and tourism services and will encompass ample information to generate a wide arrangement for precise hotel management functions.

The Triumph hotel was founded in 2014. when visiting Mandalay Triumph hotel is the best choice for accommodation it is saturated 10 mins far from downtown Mandalay and different important attractions in the Mandalay region. Later, the hospitality industry became an essential industry for the people who travel for many reasons (business, individual travelling, luxury, adventure and so on). According to the researches, 10% of the world’s workforce is hotel business and if there are ten people, one works at the hotel. These factors show that the hospitality industry plays a very important role in the world.

Analysis of hospitality industry

History and importance of the Hospitality industry

For million years ago, people took a rest in the cave when they traveled and as the standard of living changed, so did the progress. In the Greek era, Greeks developed thermal baths in villages which were used as rest points. In the Roman era, people were building houses commercially for the travellers. Then, in the 16 century, the hotels were rarely established together with the government rules and regulations. Later, the hospitality industry became an essential industry for the people who travel for many reasons (business, individual travelling, luxury, adventure and so on). According to the researches, 10% of the world’s workforce is hotel business and if there are ten people, one works at the hotel. These factors show that hospitality industry plays a very important role in the world.

Characteristics of a good hotel

A good hotel has a great care about in its characteristics such as clean and tidy environment, proficiency of staffs, good location, the excellent service and so on. Triumph hotel have these good characteristics as it is one of the best hotels in Mandalay. It provides air-conditioner in each room, free wi-fi, free one-hour spa for the guests during when they stay, free use of gym, a private bathroom with shower facilities and a hairdryer, luggage storage and 24-hours services. Triumph hotel opens 365 days a year and 24 hours a day, longer hours include weekends and holidays to service the guests.

Features of business Within the Hospitality Industry

In generally, the hospitality industry operates their business with four main segments. They are Food and Beverage, Travel and tour, Accommodation and entertainment.

Accommodation in the hospitality industry

A broad sector of the hospitality industry is accommodation comprising of various types of hotels and facilities which have the provisions of overnight accommodation for guests in traveling. Hotel resort, boutique hotel, spa hotel, Budget hotel, luxurious hotel, and bed and breakfast are some of the most essential players in this industry.

Food and beverage in the hospitality industry

Food and beverage sector is considered one of the biggest sectors in the hospitality industry. services within this area range from preparing food to presenting it on the customer table. fine dining, casual dining, fast food, and fast-casual are some of the most famous kinds of restaurants in this sector.

Travel and tourism in the hospitality industry

There are different kinds of business within travel and tourism sector that include however not limited to cruise ships, tour operators, trains, and airlines. travelers spent approximately $265 billion on passenger air transportation offerings in the USA in 2016. travel and tourism has been one of the fastest developing sectors in the UK in employment terms since 2010.

Entertainment in the hospitality industry

Entertainment is a significant part of traveling nowadays. No wonder why many top tourism locations provide zoos, museums, theme parks, theatres, marinas and many more that captivate and entertain tourists. Madame Tussauds, Magic Kingdom, Land, Disneyland, Park Lego, Cedar point, Ferrari world, Walt Disney world resort, Museums, Alton Towers, and Tivoli Gardens are some of the most famous entertainment choices of travelers. [ M Rahman,2019]

Hotel grading system

Grading helps separate accommodation according to standards and services offered. rating or grating systems are not globally the same, they may differ from region to region. different rating systems used today are:

1. rating system
2. Mobil guide
3. Michelin guide

hotel ratings are often used to classify hotels according to their quality. From the initial purpose of informing tourists on simple facilities that may be expected, the objectives of hotel rating have increased into a focal point at the hotel experience as a whole. Today the terms ‘grading’, ‘rating’ and ‘classification’ are used to commonly refers back to the equal idea, that is to categorize hotels. Having a rating system will inspire hotels to pay closer services they provide and lift the standard and high-quality of the hotel industry. there is a wide verity of rating schemes utilized by different organization around the world [Zeyar Hein,2019]. Many have a system involving stars, with a greater number of stars indicating greater luxury. Formerly Travel Guide, Forbes Mobil Travel Guide, launched it star grating system in 1958. The AAA and their affiliated bodies use diamonds instead of stars to rate hotel and restaurant level. The important facts which are specified in the grading system are locations, the proficiency of the staffs, 24hours service, having sizeable publish areas, restaurant open to everyone, providing a high-quality menu and wine list and so on. as an example, Triumph hotel can be grated as a 4-star hotel according to rating system. it can be justified by the following factors:

1. Staff are professional uniformed and responds to guest needs
2. Restaurant open to everyone
3. Lunch available in specific areas and
4. Guests are welcomed at entranced

There is no matter that how many types of hotels are there but the important things for hospitality organizations is to analyze the factors that affecting the organizations. The factors can be divided into internal factors and external factors. The internal factors that affect the hospitality industry are Men, Machines, Materials and Money. Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental factors are the major external factors. Now, the internal and external factors of the Triumph hotel are mention below.

Internal Factors

Men

Triumph hotel employed the staffs according to ‘staff to guest ratio’ pattern to ensure that all departments function smoothly.

Money

Triumph hotel is clearly a profitable organization with high level of customer loyalty that ensures sufficient funding.

Machine

Triumph hotel has the machinery that is used to convert the inputs to outputs. For example, the PC for customer records, infrastructure etc.

Material

Triumph hotel provide enough material available in all sectors such as kitchens to provide for varying cuisines.

PESTLE analysis of Triumph Hotel

Political impact

There is a need to comply with environment associated regulations because of the possible effects at the environment from the operations of Triumph hotel.

Economic impact

Economic impact refers to all state, local, and federal taxes so that it will be collected from the development and operations of Triumph hotel. Taxes consist of all sales taxes collected in association with the hotel generated revenues, in addition to all payroll related taxes collected from full-time hotel staffs and temporary construction workers.

Social impact

The success of the hospitality business is directly to the success of the local communities. Triumph hotel is focused on creating economic opportunities, benefit of the local people, respecting human rights and providing disaster relief.

Technology

Triumph hotel uses EASYFO program to control most of the front office operation and they also use many modern facilities.

Legal

In the PESTLE analysis of Triumph hotel, legal factors play an important role in finding out how businesses operate and what profits they receive, as well as how customers behave.

Environmental

Environmental factors that affect the hotel refer to the physical environment on the earth, consisting of everything from weather to the availability of resources.

Analysis of tourism industry

History and importance of the Tourism industry

The tourism industry has existed from the beginning of humans. At the stone age, people travel to find food and caves to live. First people travel on foot from place to place and they find the better ways to travel. Long before the invention of the wheel, travel occurred for variety of reasons. In the beginning, it was simple. As seasons changed and animals migrated, people traveled to survive. Then from the step by step progression, the travel patterns of people slowly change and travelling becomes one of the largest business in the world. In 1779, it can be said that the revolution of the tourism together with the invention of the steam engine. The 1820s and 1830s are identified as an important transition period in the development of a more formalized tourist industry. The past 70 years have seen remarkable growth in tourism-related activities. For example, the number of international tourist’s arrivals in 1950 to nearly 12 billion in 2015, corresponding to an average growing rate of over 6%. Travel and tourism industry support nearly 277 million people in employment, which equates to 1 out of every 11 people. Nowadays, we can go everywhere we want even in the space by the help of the tourism industry.

Characteristics of Tourism Industry

There are certain important characteristics about that industry that make it necessary and exciting for companies when planning a tour trip. The travel and tourism industry composed of five parts.

• Accommodation
• Food and beverages operation
• The transportation services
• The activities
• Attraction

Most of the tourism products are perishable and intangible. Accommodation is the most essential product of perishable within the tourism industry due to the fact when a hotel room is not booked this night we cannot take ‘tonight’ and sell it tomorrow. It is also in transportation service because once the train left the station, unused capacity cannot be sold afterwards provided that it was no time-travelling train. A night in a hotel, the smiling of the tour guide talking us to the height of an alpine mountain and the calm flight with the satisfactory attendant all this cannot be touched. Tourism is all approximately the time spent and the enjoy made.

Patterns of demand and tourism indicators

The tourism industry is essential for the benefits it brings and because of its role as commercial activity that makes demand and increase for many extra industries. The profits creation and generation of job get the principle benefits from the tourism industry. For many regions and countries, it is most important source of welfare. Traveling is a tiring and difficult thing and not everyone is able to travel. But at the same time, it`s a fun activity that take out tiredness away. Traveling gives us a taste as we travel to many different places that have a different culture and lifestyle. Also, it’s an easy way to learn, about the culture and tradition of a place. Besides, for many areas, tourism is their main source of income. An economic principle regarding a customer’s preference to pay a charge for a specific good or service can be defined as demand. The demand for tourism can be identified in many ways, depending on geographic, psychological, economical, and political factors. The total number of persons who travel or want to travel and use tourist facilities and services at away from work and tiredness can be defined as the geographic perspective. The price of the product is very important psychological factor as an example people think that a product worth 99.9$ is cheaper than a product that worth 100$ but the different between these two products is only 0.1$.

The driver behind the emerging forms of tourism

There are many interesting trends taking place in the global travel industry nowadays and one of the maximum great is growing impact of affluent travelers ’emerging’ market countries on travel spending and funding. There are many emerging types of tourism so as to likely see increase in a world in both rapid development and looming decline. Among them, stainable tourism ecotourism takes tourists on low-impact trips to environmentally fragile areas of the sector, untouched by humanity. It has utilized a “no harm” technique to tourism since the 1980s. however sustainable tourism, the natural next step, seeks to only leave positive impacts on a destination’s environment, society, and financial system. this indicates not just being low-effect, like ecotourism, but respecting local customs, buying local products to boost the economic system, and improving human rights and local opportunities. Also, the economic and political factors are essential things for the growth of the industry. [Jorge Adorno,2013]

Important of transport, accommodation, attraction and events

The role of accommodation is essential role for the tourism industry because it performs an important function within the context of rural and urban tourism together. It supplies the chance for the guest to stay for a length of time to enjoy the locality and its attractions, while their spending contributes to the local. Transport is important because it enables communication, trade and other forms of exchange between people, that in turn establishes civilizations. As people work more and more, they need to go or travel from one place to place with easily. So, transport take part in an important role of our daily life. Attraction also a core of component of tourism. They are often called ‘‘tourist attractions’’ because they tend to attract tourists. Attraction are the people, places, events and things that make up the objects of the tourist gaze and attract to the destinations. The event industry is a dynamic and fast-growing sector with obvious synergies with tourism. when correctly hosted, events have the potential to make bigger the traveler economy, offer media exposure, promote development, and stimulate infrastructure upgrades which consist of the emergence of new partnerships.

Definitions of ‘tourist’ and ‘tourism’

Tourism is a group of activities, services and industries which deliver a travel experience comprising transportation, eating and drinking establishment, accommodations, retail shops, entertainment businesses and other hospitality services supplied for individuals or groups traveling away from domestic. Tourism is not the same as travel. in order for tourism to happen, there need to be a displacement: an individual has to travel, the usage of any type of means of transportation. But all travel is not tourism. A tourist is a person who is visiting a place more than a night for pleasure and interest, especially when they are on holiday wherever domestic or outbound [Macintosh,1905].

Purpose and responsibilities of tour operators, travel agents and tour guides

Tour operator is an organization, firm or company that buys individual travel components, one at a time from their providers and combines them right into a package tour, which is sold with their own price tag to the public directly or through middlemen, is referred to as a tour Operator. A travel agent’s position is to help people plan, pick out and arrange their holiday. They will usually work to a budget set out by whoever is planning the holiday. In addition, they offer recommendations and reviews on where to go and local tourist attractions, events and customs. tour guide is person who has a thorough understanding of the destination as he is brand Ambassador of that specific country or region or organization. Besides giving insight of destination (in terms of culture, food, flora and fauna, traditions, festival etc.) he’s going to mix his guest travel style & preference with that destination making it a memorable trip. [Nikhil Sharma,2007].

Conclusion and Recommendation

In conclusion, travel and tourism sector is a great industry with many small business and individual associates supporting each other and maintaining the industry as a whole. Though is a big contributor to the country’s progress, it is also affected by the external factors like the socio-cultural values of tourists, economic conditions and environmental situations. It is also affected by travel demand and supply sides of the industry, but if properly, maintained the industry can survive and create large employment on a consistent basis. However, it is recommended that this research is again repeated as the worldwide situation usually keeps on converting and this alters the strategies. A further research is necessary to keep up to date information about the latest trends in the industry and the new factors affecting the industry. We have also learnt about the meaning of hospitality and the stages of hospitality from traditional to an advanced stage with theoretically and practically. Besides that, we have learned about the different types of food and beverage business, tour-related functions, the organizational structure and how to serve the guests. Lastly, we have learnt and understood the meaning of the layout in hospitality and tourism industry and the necessary and essential factors to consider when plan to set up this industry.