The Approach To Change HIV Structure To Enhance Its Function

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Introduction to HIV

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is known as the virus that directly attacks cells that provide necessary aid to the body to fight different forms of infections. In other words, the attack of HIV eventually makes the body more vulnerable to suffer from various forms of infections. The effect of HIV mainly appears as the damage in the immune system as the natural defence mechanism against illness (Blood, 2016). A comprehensive examination of the structure of HIV is important to apprehend its functioning in the body. Any form of change in HIV structure directly influences its approach of functioning. Here, the central focus is to illustrate how a particular change in HIV structure can be the reason of enhance in its functionality.

Structure of HIV

Concerning the perspective of structure, HIV is known as the approach of retrovirus because it functions in a back-to-front way. Keeping this condition in mind, it is notable to mention that the RNA is used as the standard in HIV to store their genetic information. This means it is necessary for HIV as the retrovirus is to construct DNA at first when it comes to entering a human cell to make new copies of themselves (Watts et al., 2009). Moreover, this virus is also classified as the spherical domain. The external shell of the virus is named as the envelope that is covered with the different spikes of the ‘glycoproteins’ gp120 and gp41. This consideration ultimately allows HIV to lock onto the condition of CD4 receptor referring to the element of CD4T cells and the entering position of the cell.

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The matrix is also an important aspect of the structure of HIV which identifies as the layer situated in the envelope. The overall positioning of this virus depicted as the nucleus, also known as the core of this virus (Ingemarsdotter et al., 2018). It is situated in the capsid; a cone-types structure appears in the centre of the factor of the virion. The condition of capsid involves two fundamental features of enzymes that are known as compulsory aspects to apprehend the condition of HIV replication. These factors as enzymes characterised as the form of reverse transcriptase and integrase molecules. Two strands of RNA are also an important part of the structural position of HIV that successfully contains the involvement of genetic material of HIV. There are nine genes involves in the construction of RNA of HIV (Jayaraman and Kenyon, 2018). The integration of all these genes plays an important role in the overall structural position of the virus. Gag, pol, and env as the crucial genes provide necessary information as the instructions to create proteins. The inclusion of these proteins assists to develop new virus particles. The other six genes within the structural scenario of HIV are entitled as tat, rev, nef, vif, vpu, and vpr. The primary purpose of all these genes is to ensure the provision of code to construct proteins (NHS, 2020). The involvement of these proteins is vital to successfully control the ability of the virus to infect a cell or create new copies of the virus.

Structural Change

As it is mentioned for the structure of HIV, the involvement of genes plays a critical role in the functioning of the virus. Concerning this argument, it can establish that structural change in the form of involvement of genes in the process can consider as the proposed effective transformation to enhance the functions of HIV (Avert, 2020). This means that enhancing the competency of genes to integrate to create proteins can consider as the effective change in the structure of HIV. This perspective further requires an alteration in the mechanism of RNA development that directly influence the functioning of HIV as the virus (Nat, 2016). The enhanced involvement of genes can consider as the potential perspective to make the functioning of HIV stronger concerning its capacity of infecting a cell or producing new copies of the virus.

Conclusion

To conclude this discussion, it is vital to mention that the functioning of HIV greatly influences the approach of RNA. In this regard, the role of genes can never ignore. Structural change in the virus in terms of enhancing the positioning and involvement of pairs of genes can reflect as a good source to achieve the objective of enhancing the functioning of HIV. This central focus of this assessment is to consider the structural development and competency specifically in case of HIV as a virus. As the retrovirus, the condition of RNA plays important role in the development of HIV. Moreover, the spectrum of RNA is a combination of different genes. The combination of all these genes can enhance the functioning of the virus. Keeping this standard in focus, it can establish that enhancement in the involvement of genes as pairs can be proposed as the structural change that can enhance functions of the HIV.

References

  1. Avert, 2020. HIV and Aid in the United Kingdom (UK) [WWW Document]. Avert.Org.
  2. Blood, G.A.C., 2016. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Transfus. Med. Hemotherapy 43, 203.
  3. Ingemarsdotter, C.K., Zeng, J., Long, Z., Lever, A.M., Kenyon, J.C., 2018. An RNA-binding compound that stabilizes the HIV-1 gRNA packaging signal structure and specifically blocks HIV-1 RNA encapsidation. Retrovirology 15, 25.
  4. Jayaraman, D., Kenyon, J.C., 2018. New windows into retroviral RNA structures. Retrovirology 15, 1–10.
  5. Nat, 2016. HIV in the Future NHS [WWW Document]. Nat.Org.UK.
  6. NHS, 2020. F)3. HIV [WWW Document]. England.NHS.UK.
  7. Watts, J.M., Dang, K.K., Gorelick, R.J., Leonard, C.W., Bess Jr, J.W., Swanstrom, R., Burch, C.L., Weeks, K.M., 2009. Architecture and secondary structure of an entire HIV-1 RNA genome. Nature 460, 711–716.

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