Introduction Marxist political theory began with Karl Marx in the mid-19th century. It was formed in direct opposition to the dominant capitalist ideology and rooted in the dissonance of societal classes. Marx argued this discord was caused by the ruling class, defined as the bourgeoisie, that own and control the means of production, and the...
Technological advancements and world events in recent decades, certainly in Western democracies, have overseen significant changes in previously established political parties (Baumgartner, Jones, 2010, p.18). This trend conveys we are heading towards a new era of partyless democracy (Cooper, Hurley, 1979, p.15). Mair notes that partyless democracy is what occurs when parties “become so disconnected...
The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union that currently have 28 countries as members. Despite being official in 1993, the union actually began in the 1950s where the European Coal and Steel Community tried to ensure economic and political unity between European countries. The purpose of this union is to promote peace,...
It has been three years since the Brexit referendum, yet the United Kingdom has not successfully left or stayed in the European Union. At a time when the deadline for “No-Deal Brexit” was getting closer, government still failed to negotiate between interest groups in the domestic with the European Union. According to a Nobel prize...
Introduction Judicial discretion and the nature of law is an important topic to discuss and analyse because there is no concrete solution to ‘hard cases’ till this day. As Trevor Ryan stated in the introduction of his essay that judicial discretion and rule of law can be solved by an innovative approach to the separation...
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On June 23rd, 2016, organized a referendum about the topic of whether should remain in the EU. On that day, the whole world was shocked to hear that decided to leave the EU with the vote result 52% against 48% (Somai & Biedermann, 2016). Ever since the news was released, world has not stop discussing...
For a country to work, a system needs to be established. After Prophet Muhammad SAWW Muslims adopted caliphate as their political system and there is no denying that Islam has flourished in those periods, also Islam supports such systems as caliphate and kingship. In the 20th century a question arose that whether or not democracy...
With the changing time and years, we have seen that every aspect of human life has evolved. The same applies to the various institutions of a state, may that be the Legislature, the Executive, or the Judiciary. “The State, which forms an integral part of the present society guided by values of liberalism, democratization, etc....
Qn: Discuss the following types of theories of international relations citing at least two relevant theorists; Feminism and Marxism 1.1. Feminism Feminism as an international relations theory has many strands, some with complement each other whilst others contradict each other. Some of the theories developed by feminist scholars are, but not limited to Liberal feminism,...
Introduction Fiscal policy is the guiding principle of fiscal work stipulated by the state according to political, economic and social development tasks in a certain period. It regulates aggregate economic needs through fiscal spending and tax policies. Therefore, fiscal policy adjustment means, that is, fiscal expenditures and tax policies will be adjusted at any time...
